Though we researched all the information in this guide very carefully, some agencies will change locations and phone numbers during the life of the guide.  Change is a way of life, and unfortunately, an inconvenience at times.  If there are changes, you can help by calling in so that the next edition reflects the updated information.

Our organization has been helping people with low vision since January 1997.  The first publication of the San Antonio Low Vision Resource Guide was in January 2000.  Each new edition is updated with current telephone numbers and information.  This resource guide reflects our goals and objectives.

Please refer to the Low Vision Resource Center in this guide for further information.

This resource guide was prepared by Shirley Lehman, Cindy Garcia and Bonnie Truax using information from the San Antonio Low Vision Resource Book of Dr. Neil Glenesk.  Special recognition and thanks to the Employee Community Fund of the Boeing Company for assistance with the costs of the printed version of this guide.
 

SECTION I:  QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Reprinted from the National Association for the Visually Handicapped

SECTION II:  HOUSEHOLD HINTS
Reproduced and compiled from listings by the Center for the Partially Sighted, Santa Monica, CA; The University of Wisconsin Hospitals and Clinics; and the University of Texas at Austin, Texas.

SECTION III:  LOW VISION CLINICS

1. Santa Rosa Low Vision Clinic
2. Lions Low Vision Center of Texas
3. Brooke Army Medical Center
4. Wilford Hall Medical Center

1. Department of Assistive & Rehabilitative Service (DARS) (Formerly Texas Commission for the Blind)
2. Criss Cole Rehabilitation Center
3. San Antonio Lighthouse & William Judson Center
4. Veterans Administration Service
5. University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio
6. Warm Springs Resource Center
7. Bexar Area Agency on Aging
8. City of San Antonio Community Initiatives
9. Orientation and Mobility
10. Guide Dogs
11. Prevent Blindness

1. San Antonio Public Library
2. Via Trans
3. Supportive Services for the Elderly
4. Driving with Low Vision
5. Handicapped Parking
6. U.S. Mail
7. Telephone Directory Assistance
8. Banking
9. Taxes
10. Social Security
11. Hadley School for the Blind
12. Area Co-ops
13. Meals Home Delivery
14. In-Home Services and Care
15. Senior Companions
16. Assisted Living
17. Newsline NFB of Texas
18. Low Vision Resource Center
19. Owl Radio

1. Texas State Library - Talking Books
2. Large Print Books
3. High Tech Aids
4. Descriptive Video
5. Closed Circuit TV's
6. Catalogs
7. Bibles

SECTION VII:  NATIONAL ASSOCIATIONS

1. American Council of the Blind
2. American Foundation for the Blind
3. Lighthouse International
4. National Association for the Visually Handicapped

1. Low Vision Resource Center
2. Owl Radio
3. Special Needs Opportunity Windows

WHAT IS LOW VISION?

Low vision is a reduction in vision that prevents a person from doing all the things he or she would like to do.

IS LOW VISION THE SAME AS BLIND?

No!  Blindness is total lack of vision.  Unfortunately, people often confuse the government term of "legally blind" with "blind."  People who are "legally blind" have some usable vision, and may use their sight unlike a totally blind person.  The degree of low vision may vary from person to person with normal sight.  We recommend the word "blind" be avoided, except where necessary for legal reasons, then the term "legally blind" may apply.

HOW CAN LOW VISION PATIENTS BE HELPED?

A low vision examination employs special examination techniques.  Special lenses, optical aids, or non-optical aids are evaluated for their capacity to improve a patient's visual performance.  Though these lenses or aids may not actually improve a person's vision, they may allow a low vision patient to use their remaining vision to its fullest capacity.  Low vision aids may make things appear larger; they may make thing brighter; or they may improve contrast.  By such methods, a low vision patient may become more capable of performing visual tasks.

WHAT TYPE OF THINGS ARE "VISUAL AIDS"?

Visual aids may be special optical lenses, telescopes, magnifiers, visors, filters, reading stands, lamps, large print, or many other devices that improve a low vision patient's visual performance.  Though standard spectacle corrections may be one type of aid, most visual aids can be very different, and may involve some compromise and adaption by the low vision patient.  For example: The visual aid may be more encumbering than spectacles, or reading material may have to be held very close.  The degree of compromise varies with each low vision patient.  Most people will readily adapt to an aid that provides some measure of improved visual performance.

WILL LOW VISION AIDS CURE MY VISION?

No!  Using visual aids will not affect the health of your eyes, thus visual aids will not cause your eye problem to get better or worse.  Low vision aids do not cure or restore your vision to normal sight, but you should perform visual tasks better while using the aids.

SINCE I HAVE A VISION PROBLEM, CAN I HURT MY EYES BY WORKING SO HARD TO USE THEM?

Using your vision will not cause it to deteriorate.  In fact, most doctors feel that using your eyes helps train the brain to interpret what we see.  Thus, using your eyes can only help maintain your visual sense.

CAN I HURT MY EYES BY HOLDING PRINT TOO CLOSE?

No!  To gain the magnification necessary to see print or other small items, you may have to be very close.  This does not hurt your eyes, although it may take some practice getting used to this different posture.

WHAT LIGHTING IS BEST FOR PEOPLE WITH LOW VISION?

The proper degree of light may vary between various forms of vision loss.  Some people may find they prefer dimmer illumination.  More importantly, the light source you select should by positioned to reduce glare.  Typically, the least amount of glare is from a light positioned over either shoulder.

REMEMBER:

1. Keep things orderly.  Organization will help you locate items with much greater ease.

2. Proper lighting is very important.  Adjust the light according to the activity you are doing.  Sometimes you will need more or less light than at other times.  Use natural daylight when available.

3. Color contrast can make many tasks easier.  Use light objects against dark backgrounds and dark objects against light backgrounds.  Use the colors you see best.

FOR THE KITCHEN:

1. When pouring dark liquids (like coffee), use a light colored cup.  The light colored cup should be placed on a dark colored background.

2. When pouring light liquids (such as milk), use a contrasting colored cup which is placed on a light background.

3. To pour water, use a dark colored glass.  Listen for the sound to change as the cup is being filled.

4. Trays or placemats are helpful to create a contrasting background on countertops.  For example, if you have a light colored countertop, and you are pouring coffee into a light colored cup, place the cup on a dark colored tray to help in locating the cup.

5. Use a dark cutting board for light foods; a light board for dark food.

6. Use brightly colored paint, vinyl, or tape on cupboards, cabinets, drawers, handles, etc, to help in visually locating them.

7. Use brightly colored paint or tape on handles of kitchen equipment and utensils.  For example, a bright strip of tape on a measuring cup handle will help locate the handle.

8. Use a pot with flat color (rather than aluminum) on the inside.  It may help you see boiling water and foods within the pot.

9. Kitchen dials can also be marked with bright, contrasting tape.  Mark the oven dial at the temperature most frequently used, or use several contrasting colors for different temperatures.  Another useful method of identifying dial position (stove, iron, TV, etc.) is to use a tube of "Hi Marks" which is a type of cement that dries into raised beads.  "Hi Marks" can be placed on paper, cloth, wood, metal, and may be washed.  (Available from Independent Living Aids)

10. Droppers can be used when measuring items such as vanilla.  Or, you can bend metal measuring spoons so the handle is perpendicular to the spoon.  Then, the spoon can be dipped into the item to be measured without fear of over-pouring or spilling.

11. Unless you absolutely need them, tape the back burners of your stove off.  This will prevent reaching over a hot burner in front.

12. Use a timer.  It will be easier than trying to visually check some of the items you are cooking.

13. Color code recipe cards.  For example, one color for meat dishes, another for poultry, a third for desserts.

14. Rewrite favorite recipes on index cards in large print with a black felt-tip pen.

15. Label groceries by rewriting the name of the item on light colored matte paper with a black felt-tip pen, then secure the label with a rubber band or tape.

16. Keep the kitchen organized!  Be the one in charge of putting groceries and other items away.

17. You, and all members of your family, must remember to completely close all kitchen cabinets, cupboards, and drawers.

TIPS FOR EATING:

1. Use the contrast rule for setting the table:  Light dishes need dark placemats or tablecloth.  Dark dishes should lie on a light background.  Use solid tablecloths or placemats only... patterns can be confusing.

2. If proper lighting allows you to see the food on your plate, then use it!  Place a high intensity lamp by your seat to illuminate your plate.

3. To aid in locating the position of different foods on a plate, use a clock system.  The location of the food will correspond to the number on the face of a clock.  For example, pork at the top of the plate will be at 12 o'clock, peas at the bottom of the plate would be at 6 o'clock, and so on.

MORE HELPFUL HINTS:

1. IN THE BATHROOM:

• Use magnifying mirrors to help with shaving and make-up.
• Hanging a towel on the wall opposite the bathroom mirror can be used to provide a contrasting background for brushing hair.
• When choosing a shower curtain, a clear plastic one (with a design as one chooses) allows more light for showering.

2. Use brightly colored tape on such household items as the thermostat, electrical outlets, light switches, drawstrings on drapes.  Such color contrast will help in locating their position.

3. Steps and stairs inside and outside your home should have the leading step colored with tape or paint for easier visibility.

4. When placing furniture in a "conversational setting" consider the most comfortable distance for conversation.  Chairs placed too far apart may be beyond the visual comfort of the low vision individual.

5. If your furniture does not contrast with its surroundings, place a plant or bright object near the furniture corners to provide clues of their location.

6. Avoid patterned tablecloths and upholstery.  They make it difficult to locate objects that may be placed on or near them.

MONEY IDENTIFICATION:

Some simple tricks may help you identify different types of currency.

• $1.00 Leave flat
• $5.00 Fold in half width-wise
• $10.00 Fold in half length-wise
• $20.00 Fold in half width-wise and length-wise

You can also use different compartments of your wallet or purse.

LAUNDRY:

1. Laundry chores may be simplified if you have system that identifies various articles of clothing.  A "V" cut in a label could identify a permanent press item, while a corner cut off the label may indicate the item is colorfast.

2. Safety pin socks into pairs before washing.  The family should do this as a matter of habit.

CORRESPONDENCE:

1. Use felt pens for writing.  Experiment with different colors.

2. Consider different shades of paper.  White may be the easiest to read.  Try putting the paper against a different colored background.

3. Paper with thick black lines can be bought from stationery stores.

4. A writing frame is available from Independent Living Aids or other sources.

Comprehensive low vision care requires an eye examination of the patient's visual functioning.  A low vision rehabilitation program will require several visits to evaluate optical, non-optical and electro-optical devices to improve or maximize visual functioning.  It also provides training in the proper use of the vision and low vision devices, as well as home training activities.

A low vision doctor works together with the primary eye doctor, who often makes the referral for low vision care.  Rehabilitation professionals such as orientation and mobility specialists, vision rehabilitation teachers, occupational therapists, and social workers may also be part of the low vision rehabilitation team.

In the San Antonio area, the following clinics specialize in low vision care.

1. SANTA ROSA LOW VISION CLINIC

Dr. Nancy Amir, OD

210-228-0030
315 N. San Saba, Suite 900
San Antonio, Texas 78207

210-641-4999
Bella Optical Location
9577 Huebner Rd.
San Antonio, Texas 78250

Web Site www.lowvisionclinic.net

2. LIONS LOW VISION CENTER OF TEXAS

Dr. Sandra Fox, OD

210-567-8600
Web Site www.uthscsa.edu/eye/lowvision.asp

Allied Health Bldg. (First Floor)
8403 Floyd Curl Dr.
San Antonio, Texas 78229

3. BROOKE ARMY MEDICAL CENTER

Military Provider
210-916-1717

Appointments
210-916-9900

Fort Sam Houston
3851 Roger Brooke Dr. Bldg. 3600
San Antonio, Texas 78234-6200

4. WILFORD HALL MEDICAL CENTER

Military Provider
210-292-6582

Wilford Hall Medical Center
37 AMDS/SGPE
2131 Pepperrell St. Bldg. 3350
Lackland, AFB, Texas 78236-5300

1. DEPARTMENT of ASSISTIVE and REHABILITATIVE SERVICE (DARS)
DIVISION FOR BLIND SERVICES

210-732-9751
1-800-687-7039
Fax 210-735-7508
Web Site www.dars.state.tx.us.dbs

DARS
Trinity Building
4204 Woodcock Suite 274
San Antonio, Texas 78228

The Department of Assistive & Rehabilitative Service (DARS) works in partnership with all Texans who are blind or visually impaired.  Designed for people of all ages, services assist people to secure or maintain employment and live as independently as possible.

• The Vocational Rehabilitation Program serves adults whose visual condition limits their ability to begin or continue work, live independently, or to continue education.
• The Transition Program is for students 13 and older who are making the change from school to work or from secondary school to college or vocational school.
• The Blind and Visually Impaired Children's Program assists children, starting at age 3, to receive services and information they need to help them to grow socially, achieve academically, and thrive in the work place in the future.
• The Independent Living Program provides assistance with routine activities like cooking, money management, mobility or communication in order for people to function independently in their homes and communities.

Call for more information and an application for services.

2. CRISS COLE REHABILITATION CENTER

1-512-377-0300
1-800-628-5115
Web Site www.dars.state.tx.us.dbs/ccrc

4800 North Lamar
Austin, Texas 78756

Clients of the Texas Commission for the Blind may be eligible to attend the Criss Cole Rehabilitation Center in Austin.  The center is primarily federally funded.  People work with their counselor/teacher team to plan and tailor the training to meet their individual needs.  Dormitory residence is part of the training program to develop independence.

• Eye health evaluation and treatment
• Orientation and Mobility
• Adaptive skills (Home and Personal Management)
• Career Guidance
• Counseling
• Occupational Therapy
• Therapeutic Recreation

3. SAN ANTONIO LIGHTHOUSE & WILLIAM JUDSON CENTER

210-533-5195
Web Site www.salighthouse.org

2305 Roosevelt
San Antonio, Texas 78210

The San Antonio Lighthouse, a non-profit organization, assists people who are visually impaired and blind to reach their highest level of independence.  Services include the following.

Career Development

• Career Guidance
• Skills Assessment
• Counseling
• Technology Evaluation
• WJC School of Business
• Vocational Support Services
• Job Readiness
• Placement
• Job Coaching

Educational

• Braille Literacy
• Scholarships

Support Services

• Information & Referral
• Community Outreach
• Low Vision Products Store

Personal Growth/Independence

• Focus on Seniors
• Independent Living Skills
• Low Vision Services
• Peer Support
• Activities
• Counseling
• Travel Training
• Low Vision Clubs
• Train the Caregiver

Senior Activity Center

Daily activities are available for individuals over the age of 55 with vision impairments.  Center opens Monday through Friday.  The activities range from arts and crafts, exercises, games, cooking classes and gardening.

4. VETERANS ADMINISTRATION SERVICE

210-949-3523
FAX 210-949-3325

San Antonio,VIST Coordinator is Larry Belote, MSW-ACP

Audie Murphy Veterans Hospital
Room 105 Eye Clinic
7400 Merton Minter Blvd, San Antonio, Texas 78229

The Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) provides comprehensive services for veterans of the United States.  This includes low vision and blind rehabilitation services.  Eligible veterans are provided a full range of services, including visual aids, to assist them in overcoming the handicap of sight loss.

• Services to blind and visually impaired veterans in South Texas is coordinated through the Visual Impairment Services Team (VIST).
• The Visual Impairment Services Team (VIST) is located in the Audie Murphy Memorial Veterans Hospital in San Antonio.
• Access to VA services is through the VIST coordinator.
• The VA also has residential blind rehabilitation services.  The school for South Texas is located in Waco, Texas.  This school is also coordinated through the Visual Impairment Services Team.

5. UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS HEALTH SCIENCE CENTER AT SAN ANTONIO

210-567-5088

Eye Consultants
University Hospital
4502 Medical Drive
San Antonio, Texas 78229

At the University Eye Consultants Office (UTEC), the Department provides complete eye care for all patients.  A referral is not required.

Patient Access

• For Eye Consultant appointments call 210-567-5088
• Office hours are Mon- Fri 8am -5 pm
• Optometry/Contact Lens Clinic 210-567-5106
• 24 hour emergency service 210-567-5088 Toll-Free 1-800-778-3627

Insurance

• Medicare and Medicaid as well as other insurances are accepted.

Comprehensive Vision Care

• A complete spectrum of eye care ranging from basic optometry to the most complex consultants provided.

Special Diagnostic Tests

• As needed, ultrasonic diagnosis, electrophysiological diagnosis, scanning laser diagnosis, blood flood studies, special field tests, etc.

Education and Research

• Continuing medical education for South Texas physicians, optometrists, and technicians.
• Active research in new drugs, new methods, improved drugs and lasers, better and earlier detection of diseases, prevention of blindness and new methods of reconstructive surgery.

6. WARM SPRINGS RESOURCE CENTER

210-595-9200
Web Site www.warmsprings.org/WSRC

San Antonio Warm Springs Hospital
5101 Medical Drive
San Antonio, Texas 78228

The Warm Springs Resource Center for People with Disabilities provides special, cultural and educational services.

• Health Seminars
• Art Classes
• Travel Adventures
• Transportation
• Meeting Rooms for Non-Profit Use

7. BEXAR AREA AGENCY ON AGING

210-362-5254
1-800-252-9240

8700 Tesoro Dr Suite 700
San Antonio, Texas 78217

The Bexar Area Agency of Aging maintains an extensive directory of services for older persons.  Patrons may call 1-210-362-5200 and obtain information with addresses and telephone numbers of facilities to meet their needs within their living area.  This agency receives funding from Texas Department of Aging.  The services are free to patrons.

8. CITY OF SAN ANTONIO COMMUNITY INITIATIVES - ELDERLY & DISABLED SERVICES DIVISION

210-207-5083

• Comprehensive nutrition available at 78 nutrition centers 207-7172
• Specialized transportation through the Supportive Services for the Elderly Project 207-6680

9. ORIENTATION AND MOBILITY (O & M)

The ability to walk safely in the home and in the community is vitally important for a visually impaired person to regain control of his or her life.  Instructions from a qualified O & M instructor can be the key to regaining these skills.  The word "travel" is used frequently when referring to this training.

People with low vision can be very successful safe travelers.  They have learned to adapt to their vision loss through orientation and mobility (O & M) training.  The Department of Assistive and Rehabilitative Service Division for Blind Services and the Department of Veteran's Affairs may provide this service.

If you choose to do this at your own expense, you can contact one of the following licensed Orientation and Mobility instructors:

Rikilynn Layher
Independent Contractor
210-690-4194

"Have Training Will Travel"
Brenda Thompson, Contractor
1-830-336-2680

10. DOG GUIDE

A dog guide is an aid to mobility.  Good orientation and mobility skills are an important foundation to successfully working with a dog guide.

The training program with the student and dog guide is very intense.  Upon completion the guide dog allows a skilled traveler to travel more easily, more quickly and with a greater degree of safety.

The dog's master must accept the responsibility to show genuine love and affection as well as all routine care, and medical care.

Leader Dogs for the Blind & Deaf Blind

1-888-777-5332
Web Site www.leaderdog.org

1039 S. Rochester Rd.
Rochester, Michigan 48307
An application and release form will be mailed to you upon request.  Leader Dog accepts and trains students throughout the world.  Transportation, room and board, the costs of training and all Leader Dog services are free.

Guide Dogs of Texas, Inc.

210-366-4081
1-800-831-9231
Fax 210-366-4082
Web Site www.guidedogsoftexas.org

Mike Mason & David Neathery
1503 Allena Drive
San Antonio, Texas 78213
An application and release form will be mailed to you upon request.  There is no cost for the training.  The guide dog is $1.00.

11. PREVENT BLINDNESS TEXAS - SAN ANTONIO/SOUTH TEXAS BRANCH

Libby Bentley, Executive Director

210-340-1007
Fax 210-340-4790
Web Site www.preventblindness.org

2929 Mossrock, Suite 203
San Antonio, Texas 78230
e-mail pbtsa@sbglobal.net

Prevent Blindness Texas San Antonio and South Texas Branch has four major programs:

• Vision screening for all ages with emphasis on preschool and elementary school age children.
• "Glaucoma Alert" - Glaucoma Screening for people over the age of forty.
• "Partners in Prevention" - Assisting people in financial need to get eye examinations and eyeglasses.
• Education and information services concerning eye health, eye safety and eye disease.

1. SAN ANTONIO PUBLIC LIBRARY

210-207-2500

600 Solidad
San Antonio, Texas 78205

Web Site www.sanantonio.gov/library

The San Antonio Public Central Library has many useful and enjoyable aids for low vision patrons.  Assistance is available at any public service desk throughout the building.  Some of the services available are:

• The Kurzweil Reading Machine which reads printed material to the person.
• CCTV which is closed circuit TV that greatly magnifies material onto a TV monitor.
• Large Print Books
• Material by Mail for homebound individuals.
• Descriptive Videos which are VHS recordings of movies with additional audio track describing the action which is taking place.
• Books on Tape
• Resource Information, Excellent Example: Book: Living With Low Vision.

2. VIA TRANS PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION

Specialized Transportation
VIA Accessibility Department

210-362-2140

Web Site www.viainfo.net (accessible services)

ViaTrans is San Antonio's specialized public transportation service for riders with special needs.  If you meet the definition of legal blindness and have a functional impairment, you may qualify for this free service.  If you are not legally blind, you may qualify for a reduced discount on regular city buses (this is automatically given to anyone over 65 years old anyway).  You may call for an application and more information.

3. SUPPORTIVE SERVICES FOR THE ELDERLY

Specialized Transportation

210-207-6680

Door-to-door transportation is provided to patients 60 years of age and older for medical appointments, food stamps, legal aid, social security offices, grocery shopping, and banking.  Service hours for all transportation is Monday through Friday, 7:00 am to 4:00 pm.  A five to ten business days appointment is necessary.  All services are county-wide and free of charge.  Donations are accepted, but not necessary.

4. DRIVING WITH LOW VISION

210-531-2240

The Texas Department of Public Safety, Driver's License Division, may provide additional information regarding visual standards: 210-531-2240.

Driving depends on many visual skills that are not related to an eye chart.  Depending on overall visual performance, a person with moderate vision loss can earn driving privileges.  Before any license would be issued, the low vision patient would have a stringent road test that carefully tested his or her capacity to drive safely.  Once issued, the license could have a number of restrictions.

The driving instructor listed below is familiar with assessing the driving ability of a person with a visual disability.  If the person with a visual disability is capable of safely operating a motor vehicle, the instructor can offer specialized driver's training.

T & J Driving School
John Harrison 210-658-0241
902 D Pat Booker Rd., Universal City, Texas 78148

5. HANDICAPPED PARKING

210-335-2251

Web Site www.bexar.org/tax  Click motor vehicle tax

Any family that has a member with severe vision loss may qualify to have a special parking permit for the handicapped.  Further information may be picked up at your nearest Bexar County Tax Assessor Office or go to the web site for an online application.

6. U. S. MAIL

1-800-275-8777

Web Site www.usps.com

The U. S. Postal Service provides free postal service for the blind.  Brochure #347 is available at the Post Office called "Mailing Free Matters for the Blind."  This booklet has all the questions and answers on eligibility, restrictions, etc.  You may also request information to be mailed to you by calling the post office at 368-8315 or 8319.

When you use the web site, type “publications 347” in the search box and click on search.  On the next page scroll down and double click on publication 347.

7. TELEPHONE DIRECTORY ASSISTANCE

AT&T
1-800-464-7928

Web Site www.att.com

If you are legally blind, you may receive free telephone directory assistance.  To obtain this service, call AT&T at 1-800-464-7928.  The automated system will request you press keys to answer questions.  DO NOT DO THIS!

Simply wait until an operator comes on the line to help you.  Ask the operator to send you a directory assistance exemption application.

For those who have difficulty in reading the standard phone bill can call 1-800-464-7928 and request a large print or Braille phone bill.

Telephone Lifeline Service provides a discount on your monthly bill and is available to help qualified customers with their monthly phone bill.  To see, if you qualify and to find out more details on the Lifeline Service, please call 1-800-464-7928.

8. BANKING

Many banks offer special checkbooks that are designed to ease check writing.  The checkbooks may be in large print, embossed print, or utilize a plastic check-writing guide.

Deluxe Check Printers, Inc.
1-800-335-8931
A source of large print checks

9. TAXES

IRS 1-800-829-1040

If your best corrected visual acuity is 20/200 or less in the better eye, or your field of vision is 20 degrees or less, you are eligible for an additional exemption on your federal income tax return.  You must attach to your return each year a certified statement from a doctor of optometry or ophthalmology, which attests to this.

If this eye condition will never improve beyond these standards, the certified statement should state this opinion.  When the condition is permanent, you need only include the certified statement once, but on all future returns, you must include a statement referring to it.

The standard deduction may vary each year, so contact the IRS office or a tax preparer to insure you gain all your entitlements.

10. SOCIAL SECURITY

Supplementary Security Income

Supplementary Security Income (SSI) is a federal minimum income maintenance program for elders and individuals who are blind or disabled and who meet a test of financial need.  Individuals need not have worked in order to qualify for SSI benefits.

Social Security Disability Insurance

Monthly Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI) benefits are available to individuals who are disabled and their dependents.  To be eligible, individuals must have paid Social Security taxes for a specified number of quarters (dependent upon the applicant's age) must not be working; and must be declared medically disabled by the state disability determination service or through an appeals process.

In determining SSDI eligibility for individuals who are legally blind, the quarters of employment which count need not have been earned in the last ten years of work under Social Security.  Social Security personnel are sometimes unfamiliar with this policy.  The policy is described in section RS00301,150A in the "Social Security Operation Manual," available in every Social Security office.  The disability must be expected to last at least 12 months or to result in death.  Individuals who are legally blind and age 55 to 65 may receive monthly benefits if they are unable to carry out the work (or similar work) that they did before age 55 or becoming blind, whichever is later.

Individuals who apply for disability insurance from the Social Security Administration must undergo an evaluation carried out by a state disability evaluation team, composed of physicians, psychologists, and other health care professionals.  Social Security disability benefits are not retroactive, so it is important to apply for them immediately after becoming legally blind.

Individuals who have received SSDI for two consecutive years are eligible for Medicare, a federal health insurance program, which may cover some of the necessary outpatient therapy or supplies.  However, Medicare does not cover eyeglasses (except following cataract surgery), low vision aids, or hearing aids.

11. HADLEY SCHOOL FOR THE BLIND

Tuition-Free Distance Education
1-800-323-4238
Web Site www.hadley.edu

700 Elm Street
Winnetka, Illinois 60093-2554

Hadley School welcomes persons

• Legally blind or can supply a medical report showing a prognosis of legal blindness
• Able to read and understand courses written at the high school level
• The sighted parent or grandparent of a blind child
• The sighted spouse, parent, adult daughter or son, or adult sibling of a blind adult

Courses relevant to the needs of blind individuals are available through the mail.  Study in your home at your own pace.

• Academic and High School Studies
• Braille and other Communication Skills
• Technology
• Independent Living and Life Adjustment
• Recreation and Leisure Time

12. AREA CO-OPS

Special services such as transportation, grocery deliveries, community lunches and more are provided for the elderly.  Call to locate the one serving your local area!

JEFFERSON CO-OP
210-734-5016
Doris Griffin
201 Meredith
San Antonio, Texas 78228

NESA-Faith in Action CO-OP
210-967-6372
Ruth Nancarrow
2903 Nacogdoches Road
San Antonio, Texas 78217

SCOOP CO-OP
210-359-6678
Terry Milligan
1602 Goliad Road
San Antonio, Texas 78223

GRASP is available to seniors living within Bexar County outside the San Antonio city limits, (Windcrest exception).  They provide special transportation services for a fee, community meals in Converse and more.  Call for further information.

GRASP CO-OP
210-658-6351
Jay Higginson
250 Donalan Dr.
Converse, Texas 78109

13. MEAL HOME DELIVERY

Christian Senior Services' MEALS on WHEELS
210-735-5115
Web Site www.christianseniorservices.org
4306 N. W. Loop 410
San Antonio, Texas 78229
Delivery of meals to home bound seniors over the age of 60.

Schwan’s Frozen Foods
1-888-724-9267
Web Site www.schwans.com
115 West College Dr.
Marshall, MN 56258
Large choice of frozen foods delivered to your home.

14. IN-HOME SERVICES & CARE

SeniorBridge Family
210-822-9494
Web Site www.seniorbridge.net
4040 Broadway Suite 522
San Antonio, Texas 78209
Complex chronic care
Private paid required.

Comfort Keepers
210-684-7080
Fax 210-684-7078
Web Site www.comfortkeepers.com
10810 Rocky Trail Suite 101
San Antonio, Texas 78249
Comforting solutions that help you stay in your home.

15. SENIOR COMPANIONS

Sharan Baughman, Executive Director
210-735-5115
Web Site www.christianseniorservices.org

4306 N. W. Loop 410
San Antonio, Texas 78229
Companionship and personal assistance provided by senior volunteers to home bound seniors.

16. ASSISTED LIVING

Bexar Area Agency on Aging
210-362-5200
1-800-252-9240
Web Site www.aacog.com

8700 Tesoro Drive Suite 700
San Antonio, Texas 78217-6228

San Antonio has many assisted living and retirement communities throughout the city.  For a listing in your desired living area call the Bexar Area Agency on Aging.  Also, refer to Section IV Resources – San Antonio in this guide.

17. NEWSLINE NFB OF TEXAS

Tommy Craig, President
1-512-323-5444
Web Site www.nfb.texas.org

6909 Rufus Drive
Austin, Texas 78752-3123
e-mail: newsline@nfb-texas.org
Newsline NFB is a free telephone system to listen to newspaper articles from 150 national newspapers (two from Texas).

18. LOW VISION RESOURCE CENTER

Bonnie Truax, President
210-344-1479
Web Site www.lowvisionclub.com

Our organization was founded by Bonnie Truax in 1997 with the assistance of Bob Hobson of the University of Texas Health Science Center Ophthalmology Department.  It now has a membership of more than 900 area residents.  Its objective is to assist those experiencing significantly reduced or total vision loss discover ways to continue daily activities and maintain their independence.

Our monthly meetings include presentations designed to keep members informed about the latest medical research into eye diseases and how local resources can assist them.  Members also enjoy socials several times a year.

The Low Vision Resource Center is also the parent organization of Owl Radio.

We are a certified non-profit 501(c)(3) organization.  Dues are free.  However, donations are very much appreciated.

19. OWL RADIO

Radio Reading Service
210-829-4223
Web Site www.owlradio.org

1250 N. E. Loop 410 Suite 905
San Antonio, Texas78209-1524

Owl Radio is a community service for area residents who are unable to read newspapers or other printed information.  It is brought to you by The Low Vision Resource Center, the San Antonio Express-News and Texas Public Radio.  It is staffed mainly by volunteers with one full time and one part-time assistant.

Volunteers of Owl Radio read the San Antonio Express-News for three hours daily.  The remainder of programming for the 24 hour service is provided via satellite by nationally-syndicated reading services for the blind.  Transmissions can be picked up within an area extending 40 to 50 miles in all directions from the transmitter site located near Helotes and 15 miles from a secondary transmitter in Kerrville.

Persons wishing to participate should obtain an Owl Radio application by calling 210-829-4223 or go to their web site, www.owlradio.org and get an application.  There is no charge, but a $25 donation to cover the cost of this service is appreciated.  Your contribution is tax-deductible.  Make checks payable to the Low Vision Resource Center and mail with your application.

1. TEXAS STATE LIBRARY

1-800-252-9605
512-463-5455
Web Site www.tsl.state.tx.us

Box 12927
Austin, Texas 78711-2927

Texas residents legally blind or with physical limitations that keep them from handling books and turning pages are eligible for the “Talking Book Program.”

CHECK THEM OUT !!   FREE THROUGH THE MAIL !!

• Books in Braille, and Large Print
• Books on Record and on Tape
• Specialized equipment necessary to play the recorded books available on loan.
• "Talking Book Topics" is distributed six times a year to keep you informed of new books to borrow.
• The Talking Book Program has magazines in Large Print, Braille or Recorded.
• Direct subscription does not have be returned. The selection includes Consumer Reports, Good Housekeeping, Newsweek, People, Readers Digest and many more.
• Flexible Disc Magazine has a very large selection to choose from and they too may be kept.
• Shared Cassette Magazines are on loan for one week and must be returned.  The selection includes Smithsonian, Southern Living, Texas Highways, Texas Monthly, and many more.
• Information and referral coordinator available to answer reference questions on topics related to disabilities.

2. LARGE PRINT BOOKS, MAGAZINES, NEWSPAPERS & NEWSLETTERS

The New York Times Weekly
1-800-631-2580
1-800-698-4637
Web Site www.nytimes.com
Large Print Newspaper
$78.00 per year 1 per week

Sharing Solutions Newsletter
1-800-829-0500
Web Site www.lighthouse.org
Semi-annual (April & Oct)
Free Large Print Newsletter from Lighthouse International

The Braille Forum Newsletter
1-800-424-8666
Web Site http://www.acb.org
1155 15th Street NW, Suite 1004
Washington, DC 20005
Free monthly publication from the American Council of the Blind
Oriented around government legislation, ACB news, high tech swap shop & more
Available in large print, Braille, audio computer disc, or e-mail

MATERIAL FOR PURCHASE

Dialogue Magazine
1-800-860-4224
Web Site www.blindskills.com
$42.00 per format (6 issues)
Braille, cassette, large print, e-mail

Guidepost Magazine
1-800-431-2344
Web Site www.guidepostsmag.com
*60 to web site for Braille options*
$16.97 per year (12 issues)
Cassette or large print

Journal of Visual Impairment and Blindness
1-800-232-3044
Web Site www.afb.org
$140 per year
Must order from a book store

Audio Versions
1-800-628-6145
Web Site www.audiodivisions.com

Books on Tape
1-800-626-3333
Web Site www.booksontape.com

Recorded Books
1-800-638-1304
Web Site www.recordedbooks.com
Sell & Rent Books

3. "HIGH-TECH AIDS"

Reprinted with permission from Nikolai Stevenson, Pres. , Association for Macular Diseases, Inc. 210 East 64th St., New York, New York 10021

"...we have come to realize that our chief salvation lies in the area of optical aids.  These vary from simple hand-held magnifiers, through prism glasses and monoculars up to closed circuit television devices.  Since all of our eyes are different, an aid which helps one of us may not help another.  A low vision exam helps clarify our requirements.  Quite often we resist this, feeling that the fully sighted low vision specialist cannot truly understand our difficulty.  Yet it is essential for us to realize that the specialist has examined thousands of failing eyes, while we have only our own from which to judge.

"However, it is important not to buy an optical aid if not fully satisfied that it will do some good, since it is not likely to improve after you get it home.  Better to take your time, think clearly, and try to pick an aid which represents a clear improvement in your ability to see.  Always bear in mind that, no matter how effective an optical aid may be, it can never do for us what our eyes alone once did, and which we took so for granted.  Even the best aids can only enhance what remains of our vision; they cannot restore what's lost.

"Try to keep your spirits up, sort out what you can and cannot do, and keep in touch with us.  We care about you."

4. DESCRIPTIVE VIDEO SERVICE (DVS)

1-617-300-3490

For those with low vision who have difficulty seeing the visual images on film, many films have been dubbed over with a narration that carefully describes the visual moments on the film.  The narration is added without interfering with the movie's sound track.  Thus, all the original sound and words within the film remain, while a descriptive narration brings the film's images to life.

The variety of films that are available in this medium is impressive.  Modern titles, such as Toy Story, Forrest Gump, and Home Alone, as well as numerous classics are available on DVS format.  Some DVS programs are available on KLRN-TV (Ch. 9).  They include Mystery, Nova, American Playhouse, and some children's programs.

To view DVS programs on KLRN-TV the SAP (Second Audio Program) switch must be activated on your TV or VCR.  A free TV guide that lists DVS programs is available by calling 1-617-300-3490.

The films are also available for purchase from:

DVS Home Video Catalogue
1-800-333-1203

Access San Antonio
210-393-3524
Web Site www.accesssanantonio.org

5. CLOSED CIRCUIT TELEVISION MAGNIFIERS

Closed Circuit Television (CCTV) has been used for over twenty-five years to create sophisticated magnifying systems.  These systems may provide a degree of magnification that far exceeds that of optical magnifiers, and for some patients these devices may be essential.  Currently, several manufacturers offer a variety of CCTV devices that are especially designed for patients with low vision.

If your low vision provider prescribes a CCTV device, most companies who offer these systems will provide a demonstration of their product in the patient's home.  The demonstration should be offered without cost or obligation.

Should your degree of low vision make you a candidate for a CCTV system, there are many possible suppliers.  Ask your low vision provider for further advice regarding the possible CCTV options.

The cost of the systems varies between $800 and $4,500. The price is often dependent on the system's versatility, durability, and ease of operation.

The San Antonio distributor is:

Christal Vision

Mr. Ed Christal and Mr. Steve Rhodes
210-666-0700
Web Site www.christal-vision.com

6. CATALOGS

There are many low vision devices available to improve functioning of a person with low vision.

• OPTICAL DEVICES are lenses including strong reading glasses or microscopes, hand and stand magnifiers, telescopes, prisms, and tints or filters.
• NON-OPTICAL DEVICES include enlarged items such as large print playing cards, big eye needles, and large print watches, reading stands, lamps to provide proper illumination, signature guides, and "talking" devices such as "talking watches."
• ELECTRO-OPTICAL DEVICES are magnification systems that utilize electronic enlargement rather than lens magnification, and include CCTV's large print computer software, and head mounted cameras such as the V Max.

Many companies specializing in these products.  A catalog will be mailed upon request.

Ann Morris Enterprises & Independent Living Aids
1-800-537-2118
Web Site www.annmorris.com
P.O. Box 9022
Hicksville, NY 11802-9022

Carolyn's Low Vision Products
1-888-206-0060
Web Site www.carolyncatalog.com
P. O. Box 14577
Bradenton, Florida 34280

LS & S Group
1-800-468-4789
Web Site www.ssproducts.com
P. O. Box 673
Northbrook, IL.60065

Maxiaids
1-800-522-6294
Web Site www.maxiaids.com
42 Executive Blvd.
Farmingdale, New York 11735

Lighthouse Inc.
1-800-829-0500
36-02 Northern Blvd.
Long Island City, NY 111-1

National Association for the Visually Handicapped
1-212-889-3141
Web Site www.navh.org
22 West 21 Street
New York, New York 10010

Associated Services for the Blind and Visually Impaired
1-215-627-0600
Web Site www.asb.org
919 Walnut Street
Philadelphia, PA. 19107

Vis/Aids
1-561-737-9550
Web Site www.visaids.com
102-09 Jamaica Avenue
Richmond Hill, NY 11418

7. BIBLES

Bibles are provided in a variety of languages.  They are available in print or audio cassette.

Aurora Ministries
941-748-4100
Web Site www.auroraministries.org

Audio Bibles for the Blind
P.O. Box 1061
Bradenton, Fl 34206

Lutherine Braille Workers, Inc.
909-790-9577
909-795-8977
e-mail lbw@lbwinc.org
Web Site www.lbwinc.org
P.O. Box 5000
Yucaipa, CA 92399

1. AMERICAN COUNCIL OF THE BLIND
1-800-424-8666
1-202-467-5081
1-202-467-5085 FAX
Web Site www.acb.org
1155 15th Street NW Suite 720
Washington, DC 20005

210-492-4420
13703 Cedar Canyon
San Antonio, Texas 78231

2. AMERICAN FOUNDATION FOR THE BLIND
1-212-502-7600
1-212-502-7777 FAX
1-800-232-5463
Web Site www.afb.org
11 Penn Plaza, Suite 300
New York, New York 10001

3. LIGHTHOUSE INTERNATIONAL
1-212-821-9200 or 1-212-821-9713
1-800-829-0500
Web Site www.lighthouse.org
111 East 59th St.
New York, New York 10022-1202

4. NATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR VISUALLY HANDICAPPED
1-212-889-3141 or 1-212-255-2804
1-888-205-5951
Web Site www.navh.org
22 West 21st St. (6th floor)
New York, New York, 10010

SAN ANTONIO LOW VISION CLUB
www.lowvisionclub.com  (this site)

OWL RADIO
www.owlradio.org

SPECIAL NEEDS OPPORTUNITY WINDOWS
snow.utoronto.ca

SNOW (Special Needs Opportunity Windows) is a comprehensive resource for educators, parents, and persons with disabilities.  It offers professional development for teachers through a number of free on-line workshops and courses.  There is a site for all ages and many free courses and workshops.

There are dozens of other associations and foundations on the web.  Plus there are many types of assistive device catalogs, reading and audio material, sports, health information, etc. available on the web site.  They can be reached at:

The Philadelphia Retina Endowment Fund
1-215-928-1060
Web Site www.vision-research.org

211 South 9th St. Room 402
Philadelphia, PA 19107

Several Foundations and Associations are listed below:

DIABETIC RETINOPATHY DISCOVERY EYE FOUNDATION

A non-profit organization dedicated to educating the public on diabetes induced blindness.
1-800-521-2524
Web Site www.discoveryeye.org
8733 Beverly Blvd Suite 201
Los Angeles, California 90048

GLAUCOMA RESOURCES

A national telephone-based support network of volunteers offering encouragement and assisting patients in coping with lifestyle issues surrounding glaucoma.

1-800-826-6693
1-415-986-3162
Web Site www.glaucoma.org
Glaucoma Research Foundation
251 Post Street Suite 600
San Francisco, Calif. 94108

LIGHTHOUSE NATIONAL CENTER FOR VISION AND AGING

A Directory of Self-Help/Mutual Aid Support Groups for Older People with Impaired Vision, and a newsletter for support group participants.
1-800-334-5497
1-212-821-9713
1-212-821-9200
Web Site www.lighthouse.org
111 E. 59th Street
New York, NY 10022

MACULAR DEGENERATION FOUNDATION

A nonprofit organization that provides awareness, education and support to persons with macular degeneration.
1-888-633-3937
Web Site www.eyesight.org
P. O. Box 531313
Henderson. NV 89053

NATIONAL DIABETES INFORMATION CLEARINGHOUSE

Offers publications on diabetes; answers requests for specialized information; publishes quarterly bulletin, maintains database of diabetes educational materials.
1-301-654-3327
1-800-860-8747
Web Site wwwdiabetes.niddk-nih.gov
1 Information Way
Bethesda, MD 20892-3560

NATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR ALBINISM & HYPOPIGMENTATION

Provides information and support regarding albinism to individuals and families; seeks to educate professionals and the general public about albinism.
1-603-887-2310
1-800-473-2310
Web Site www.albinism.org
P.O. Box 959
East Hampstead, NH 03826

THE FOUNDATION FIGHTING BLINDNESS

Provides information for all retinal degenerative diseases including RP (retinitis pigmentosa), macular degeneration, and Usher syndrome.
1-888-394-3937
1-800-683-5551 TDD
Web Site www.fightblindness.org
11435 Cronhill Dr.
Owings Mills, MD 21117